No Smoking Day is held annually on the third Thursday of November with the aim of encouraging all smokers to quit this addiction., to reduce the risk of developing cancer.

Today tobacco is the most widespread and proven human carcinogen.. Tobacco smoke contains more 4 thousands of chemical compounds, of which 43 are known carcinogens, Besides, there are compounds in tobacco smoke, which contribute to the formation of carcinogens in the body, as well as dozens of poisons, including nicotine, hydrocyanic acid, etc.. Cigarette smoke contains radioactive substances: polonium, lead, bismuth.

Tobacco smoke contains up to 1 000 poisons, the main ones are nicotine, hydrocyanic acid, methanol, tar, methane, butanol, ammonia, acetone. Moreover, cigarettes with a filter and without a filter are equally dangerous., light and strong.

The temperature of the smoldering tobacco is 300^OFROM, and during tightening it increases to 900-1 000^OFROM. This is a thermal effect, repeated repetition leads to cancer. First of all, to lung cancer (more 90 % inhaled nicotine is absorbed in the tissues of the lungs), lip cancer, larynx, esophagus. Tobacco smoke is a powerful stimulant of the tumor formation process..

Smoking causes a number of diseases, the most important of which are: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, manifested by a steady loss of their function, cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease and arteriosclerosis of peripheral vessels) and cerebrovascular accidents (strokes).

In a special place among diseases, smoking related, there are malignant neoplasms. Currently, the connection between tobacco smoking and 18 forms of cancer in humans. Primarily lung cancer, esophagus, oral cavity and pharynx, larynx. Tobacco use is associated with high incidences of bladder and pancreatic cancers and fewer kidney cancers, stomach, breast, cervix, nasal cavity, etc..

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and spread of cells as a result of the transformation of one of them. The transformation of a normal cell into a tumor cell is a multi-stage process, due to the interaction of genetic factors and external agents: physical carcinogens, such as ultraviolet or ionizing radiation; chemical carcinogens, with whom people come in contact in the course of their daily activities: polyvinyl chloride (Pvc) (l – 57 % and oil - 43 %) or beta-naphthylamine: window frames and doors, packing bags, floor coverings, artificial leather, inflatable beach toys, in cosmetology, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (food contaminant) and arsenic (drinking water pollutant); biological carcinogens, such as infections, caused by various viruses, bacteria or parasites.

Cancer mortality

According to the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) today 30% of all cancer deaths associated with smoking.

Tracheal cancer mortality in Belarus, bronchi and lungs occupies a leading place in the structure of oncological diseases. IN 2020 year among those who died from malignant neoplasms, the share of deaths from lung cancer accounted for 16%, of them 88% were male smokers.

With an increase in the incidence of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, an increase in mortality from this pathology is also noted.. Of the total number of deaths from cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, male smokers accounted for 98%.

Esophageal cancer mortality in recent 10 years in the region has increased almost in 2 times. Of the total number of deaths from esophageal cancer, male smokers accounted for 92%.

WHO Regional Office for Europe wants to re-emphasize the need to minimize exposure to tobacco.

Reducing tobacco use is the largest preventable cause of death. In Belarus, according to the results of a study of risk factors for the occurrence of non-infectious pathology among the population aged from 18 to 69 years, smokes 29,6 % population. And although, thanks to anti-smoking measures, held in our country, the number of tobacco users is decreasing (on 12 % since 2001), the problem is still urgent.

Cutting tobacco consumption in half will help keep 170 million lives to 2050 year.

Bronchopulmonary system cancer

The likelihood of developing a malignant lung tumor depends on the age of starting smoking, experience and number of smoked cigarettes: the more cigarettes smoked per day, the longer the smoking experience and the younger the age of starting smoking, the higher the risk of disease. Installed, what do smokers a day have more 1 packs of cigarettes the risk of lung cancer is higher, than non-smokers, 15–25 times, but hard smokers, smokers 2 and more packs of cigarettes per day, higher in 60 time.

Smokers are most likely to develop lung cancer after 20 years of smoking.. For men, who started smoking before the age of 15 years, risk of dying from lung cancer 3,4 times higher than those, who started smoking when they were older 25 years. For women, this risk is higher in 2,4 times.

Oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer

The risk of developing cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx in smokers is 2-3 times higher than in nonsmokers. And those, who smokes more 1 packs of cigarettes a day, the risk of cancer of these organs is higher in 10 time.

The incidence of oral cancer in the last 10 years has almost doubled: if in 2011 year revealed about 100 cases of oral cancer, then in 2020 - about 200 cases, of them 92% falls on men.

Esophageal carcinoma

Compared to non-smokers, the risk of esophageal cancer in smokers in 5 times higher. For the last 10 years in the Republic of Belarus as a whole, the incidence of esophageal cancer increased in 1,5 times. About 90% of the sick are male smokers.

Second hand smoke

Smoking causes significant harm to the health of the smoker. Unfortunately, not everyone understands, that tobacco smoke is dangerous not only for the smoker, but also for those, who is next to him. A significant part of the population is exposed to secondhand smoke. Scientists have calculated, that being in a smoky room during the working day exposes a non-smoker to the same risk of illness, as a person, smoked on 5 cigarettes a day.

The main measure for the prevention of the harmful effects of smoking on the human body is a complete cessation of smoking and avoidance of prolonged exposure to smokers.

Still a significant part of the population is exposed to secondhand smoke. The air around a smoker contains more 40 substances, which can be implicated in the occurrence of cancer in humans and animals. Children of smoking parents are especially affected.. They are more, than children, whose parents do not smoke, susceptible to various respiratory tract infections, there is information about an increased risk of lymphoma in these children.

Therefore, during the campaign, special attention will be paid to limiting smoking in catering organizations and other public places..

Significant content of carcinogenic substances in tobacco and its processed products, determines the close relationship between smoking and the development of cancer. Installed, that the risk of getting cancer is significant (almost in 30 time) higher in heavy smokers and early smokers. Cancer mortality also rises in parallel with cigarette consumption. Risk indicator, smoking, is different for tumors of different localizations and depends on the age at the time of smoking initiation, duration of smoking and number of cigarettes, smoked per day. The risk of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx in smokers is increased in 2-3 times compared to non-smokers and 10 since those, who smokes more than one pack of cigarettes a day. The risk of developing cancer of the larynx and lung in smokers is very high. Usually, for the development of lung cancer, a time period is required from 10 to 30 years of smoking. At the same time, the risk of lung cancer increases in 3-4 times when smoking more 25 cigarettes a day. The results of American researchers indicate the important role of age at the time of smoking initiation.. Men at greatest risk of lung cancer, started smoking before 15 years. The risk of developing esophageal cancer in 5 times higher in smokers compared to non-smokers, and the risk of stomach cancer is in 1,5 times. Smoking is one of the causes of pancreatic cancer, and the risk of cancer in smokers is increased in 2-3 times. Increased risk of liver cancer in smokers identified, especially in combination with alcohol consumption or in those infected with hepatitis B and C viruses. The risk of bladder and kidney cancer among smokers is increased in 5-6 time. Associated with smoking and cervical cancer in women, infected with human papillomavirus.

American and Japanese scientists have calculated, that being in a smoky room during the working day of a non-smoker exposes him to the same risk of illness, as a person, smoked on 5 cigarettes a day. It is also known, that the wives of active smokers die on average by 4 years earlier, than nonsmoking wives. Pregnant women are categorically contraindicated not only for smoking, but also stay in smoky rooms due to the established high sensitivity of the fetus to carcinogens and other chemical influences and, as a result,, high risk of developing malignant tumors and deformities in children.

Smoking control is a prerequisite for improving public health. Smokers lose about 18 years of potential life, this is a huge social loss for our society. Tobacco smoke causes and exacerbates many diseases, acting on almost all organs. And products of tobacco origin, together with other carcinogenic substances, are the main cause of oncological diseases.. Smoking provokes development 18 forms of cancer in humans: lung cancer, esophagus, larynx and oral cavity, Bladder, pancreas, kidneys, stomach, breast, cervix, etc.. Installed, that smoking patients, compared to non-smokers, shortened life expectancy, the risk of recurrence or occurrence of a second tumor increases, the effectiveness of treatment decreases, the quality of life. Smoking cessation guarantees a reduction in morbidity.

There is no safe cigarette and no safe smoking rate. Smoking cessation remains the single most effective way to reduce health risks..

At the same time, it is extremely important that, that smoking cessation reduces the risk of lung cancer: already after 5 years, the incidence of this incidence begins to fall, and after 20 years after discontinuation approaches that of non-smokers. According to the World Health Organization, smoking today causes about 40% general mortality of the population and is regarded as the main cause of premature death, avoidable.

Smoking is not a physiological human need. It's just a habit, which leads to illness. It's fashionable to be healthy now.

The first paragraph of the cancer prevention guidelines of the European Union's Europe Against Cancer program reads: "Do not smoke! Smoking is the leading cause of premature death. Quit smoking and do it as soon as possible! Quitting Smoking Will Improve Your Health. If you quit smoking even in middle age, before, how do you get cancer or other serious illness, you will avoid the subsequent additional risk of death from disease, caused by smoking. If you are having trouble quitting smoking, then do not smoke in the presence of non-smokers!»

If you are unable to quit smoking on your own, a psychiatrist-narcologist or psychotherapist can help you. Medical care increases the probability of success by an average of 80 %.

Take time to think about your health and the health of the people around you.

Smoking is poison! Make the right choice - move to the World Without Dependency!

Give your health a chance! Inhaling tobacco smoke - you kill yourself, exhaling - others. Tobacco-free life is the path to health!

Quitting smoking at any age is justified, insofar as:

• across 8 hours, the oxygen level in the blood returns to normal;
• across 48 hours a person acquires a sense of smell and taste;
• across 1 a month it becomes easier to breathe, fatigue disappears, headache;
• across 6 months bronchitis pass, heart rate will be restored;
• across 1 the possibility of dying from coronary heart disease is halved in a year;
• across 5 years in 2 times the likelihood of contracting cancer is reduced.

Make the right choice - don't smoke!