Unfortunately, в обществе знаний о туберкулезе очень и очень мало, особенно это касается проблемы прививок от туберкулеза и проб Манту (tuberculin diagnostics).

Для чего нужна эта прививка? И почему, despite , что всех прививают, многие люди болеют туберкулезом?

Прививка БЦЖ нужна для профилактики туберкулеза у детей. Она не защищает от заражения возбудителем туберкулеза, но она реально защищает от перехода скрытой инфекции в явную болезнь (примерно у 70% привитых), и практически на 100% защищает деток от тяжелых форм туберкулеза – от туберкулезного менингита, туберкулеза костей и суставов и тяжелых форм туберкулеза легких. Именно применение вакцины БЦЖ позволило добиться значительного снижения заболеваемости детей туберкулезом вообще, и в частности, уже много лет, несмотря на тяжелую социальную ситуацию, мы не видели случаев туберкулезного менингита у привитых детей.

Прививка БЦЖ, usually, делается в родильном доме на четвертый день жизни ребенка, в левое плечико, на границе его верхней и средней трети.

Почему так рано? Дело в том, что к сожалению, ситуация с туберкулезом в обществе неблагополучна, и далеко не все больные туберкулезом, выделяющие возбудитель, знают о своей болезни, соответственно они не получают лечения и заразны. Поэтому встретиться с микобактерией туберкулеза ребенок может очень и очень рано. А фтизиатрам давно известно, что чем раньше ребенок инфицирован, тем больше вероятность перехода инфекции в болезнь и тем более неблагополучным будет течение заболевания. Поэтому-то и прививку делают максимально рано, чтобы у ребенка успел выработаться иммунитет, чтобы не заболеть. И в связи с этим позволю себе напомнить старинное правило – до месяца не стоит показывать никому из посторонних новорожденного. Read completely »

World Tuberculosis Day, ежегодно отмечаемый 24 марта в нашей стране, призывает правительство, общество в целом и каждого его члена в отдельности содействовать диалогу и сотрудничеству в поиске новых решений в борьбе с эпидемией этого заболевания.

Принимая во внимание высокий уровень распространенности туберкулеза с множественной и широкой лекарственной устойчивостью среди пациентов в Республике Беларусь, а также недостаточное количество случаев успешного лечения указанных пациентов, ВОЗ требует применения новых стратегий и подходов в ликвидации эпидемии туберкулеза.

Лозунгом «Сообща ликвидируем туберкулез» ВОЗ призывает правительства всех стран к диалогу и сотрудничеству, которые объединяют людей и сообщества в поиске новых путей ликвидации эпидемии туберкулеза. Read completely »

Tuberculosis (TB) – infection, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, characterized by the development of specific granulomas in various organs and a polymorphic clinical picture. The lungs are most often affected, lymphatic system, bones, joints, genitourinary organs and nervous system. If left untreated, the disease progresses and can be fatal..

According to the World Health Organization (TRAIN), about a third of the world's population – two billion people – infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) and are at risk of disease.

Diagnosis and treatment of patients, TB patients, carried out by phthisiatricians. However, primary care providers are involved in the timely detection and referral of TB patients for treatment and can significantly contribute to reducing the burden of TB. Late identification of infectious patients, TB patients, poses a danger to others, and for medical workers, to whom they turn. In addition, PHC medical workers, in collaboration with TB specialists, organize outpatient treatment for TB patients after discharge from hospital. Complete completion of the course of treatment for patients at the outpatient stage is very important for preventing the development of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Read completely »

Drug addiction treatment in Belarus

Drug addiction is a disease, which methodically and mercilessly cripples the destinies of people all over the world. Belarus is no exception. The most terrible thing is the fact, that most of the dead do not live to see 25-30 years. They refuse offers to undergo drug addiction treatment or completely deny addiction. Hearing the word "rehabilitation", the patient begins to zealously defend himself. He promises his family, that he won't use it anymore, although he himself has not believed in it for a long time. Shame prevents you from seeking professional help, guilt and fear of a sober lifestyle.

Why does a drug addict refuse treatment??

Drug addiction is progressing at breakneck speed. Just a year ago, a student smoked marijuana at the institute, and today he already steals money from his parents or takes his wife’s jewelry to the pawnshop, to consume spice or “salt”. Everyone around sees, that a person needs drug addiction treatment. The drug addict himself has mechanisms of denial and rationalization at work., erasing the reality of what is happening from consciousness.

"Even when I had to steal money from my mother, I thought, that I'll borrow it and put it all back in the evening. Mom's words, that I need professional help, were perceived as something hostile. It seemed to me, that just one dose will help me solve all my problems".

These words of one of the patients of the drug rehabilitation center are confirmed, that during active use a person is in a state of complete insanity and is incapable of making sane decisions.

Another reason, preventing timely treatment of drug addiction - the patient’s social circle. There are legends among his “friends”, that rehabilitation doesn't help. The truth is, that most drug addicts have no idea about the treatment method, continues to prove its effectiveness in Belarus. Many people are simply jealous of a person, who begins to think about his future, and are trying in every possible way to keep him in their company. Read completely »

The problem of drug addiction is one of the most urgent for both health care, and for society as a whole. This is due to the dire medical and social consequences of substance abuse.. People with drug addiction are at greater risk of infection and contribute to the spread of HIV infection, viral hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases and other dangerous infectious diseases.

Over the past decade in the Republic of Belarus, the number of patients with drug addiction has increased by 1,4 times: from 6145 man in 2005 year, to 8649 person at the beginning 2017 of the year.

Most of the country's registered drug addiction patients – aged 20-40 years. The number of synthetic cannabinoid users has increased in recent years (spices), predominantly these are persons of the age 15-29 years.

The provision of medical care to drug addicts is carried out in specialized healthcare organizations in stages.:

detoxification stage (treatment of withdrawal syndrome (withdrawal syndrome), which occurs when the drug is withdrawn) – 2 Sun;

stage of inpatient rehabilitation - up to 2 month;

stage of out-of-hospital rehabilitation and social rehabilitation - up to 12 month.

At the stage of out-of-hospital rehabilitation within the framework of social rehabilitation, close interaction with groups of self- and mutual assistance within the framework of public organizations, in particular "Narcotics Anonymous". Read completely »