Rabies Epidemiology, clinic, prevention and treatment
03.10.2017 | Heading: Information
Etiology
The causative agent of the disease is the RNA-containing rabies virus, belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae genus Lyssavirus. The virus is shaped like a rifle bullet (180 p 75 nm). When heated to 56°C, the rabies virus is inactivated within 15 minutes, when boiling - for 2 minutes; inactivated by sublimate (1:1000), Lysol (1-2%), carbolic acid (3-5%), chloramine (2-3%). There are two types of rabies virus: wild and fixed virus (table 1).
Table 1.
Wild (street) virus | Fixed virus (PV-11) |
– pathogenic for humans and animals
– pronounced neurotropism – in brain cells and salivary glands forms specific inclusions - Babes-Negri bodies – excreted from the body of animals with saliva |
– retains high virulence during intracerebral infection
– does not have virulence when administered subcutaneously – not excreted in saliva – retains the antigenic characteristics of the wild virus – used to produce a vaccine |
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