The problem of drug addiction is one of the most urgent for both health care, and for society as a whole. This is due to the dire medical and social consequences of substance abuse.. People with drug addiction are at greater risk of infection and contribute to the spread of HIV infection, viral hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases and other dangerous infectious diseases.

Over the past decade in the Republic of Belarus, the number of patients with drug addiction has increased by 1,4 times: from 6145 man in 2005 year, to 8649 person at the beginning 2017 of the year.

Most of the country's registered drug addiction patients – aged 20-40 years. The number of synthetic cannabinoid users has increased in recent years (spices), predominantly these are persons of the age 15-29 years.

The provision of medical care to drug addicts is carried out in specialized healthcare organizations in stages.:

detoxification stage (treatment of withdrawal syndrome (withdrawal syndrome), which occurs when the drug is withdrawn) – 2 Sun;

stage of inpatient rehabilitation - up to 2 month;

stage of out-of-hospital rehabilitation and social rehabilitation - up to 12 month.

At the stage of out-of-hospital rehabilitation within the framework of social rehabilitation, close interaction with groups of self- and mutual assistance within the framework of public organizations, in particular "Narcotics Anonymous". Read completely »

Chlamydia is a disease, sexually transmitted. The causative agent is chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis). With this disease, damage to the urethra is possible. (urethra), rectum, vagina, cervix and eyes. In contrast to gonorrhea, infection of the pharynx with chlamydia is rare.

Chlamydia prevalence

In the United States, the prevalence of chlamydia among men and women 15-30 years, sexually active, amounts to 5-10%. There are no exact data for Russia.

Chlamydia infection

In most cases, chlamydia infection occurs through sexual contact in the vagina and rectum.. Infection through oral sex is possible, but unlikely.

When passing through the birth canal, the newborn may become infected and develop conjunctivitis and pneumonia..

Household infection is unlikely. This is due to the fact, what (1) chlamydia quickly dies outside the human body; (2) necessary for infection, so that a sufficient amount of chlamydia enters the body. The household method of infection cannot provide the required amount of chlamydia. Therefore, the cause of infection cannot be toilet seats., swimming pools, bathrooms, shared dishes and towels.

Probability of infection during one-time sexual contact without a condom with a patient with chlamydia

Possibility of infection through unprotected sex (vaginal, anal) with a patient with chlamydia is about 50%. Read completely »

Influenza (фр. grippe) — острое infection дыхательных путей, вызываемое вирусом гриппа. Входит в группу острых респираторных вирусных инфекций (SARS). Периодически распространяется в виде эпидемий and пандемий. В настоящее время выявлено более 2000 вариантов вируса гриппа, различающихся между собой антигенным спектром.

Симптомы гриппа у детей

Грипп вызывает у детей более тяжелые симптомы, чем обычная простуда. Usually, симптомы появляются внезапно, и в течение следующих двух или трех дней состояние больного может ухудшаться. Основными симптомами гриппа у детей являются:

• Высокая температура тела – может подниматься до 40С;
• Chills;
• Крайняя слабость;
• Головные боли и боли во всем теле;
• Сухой кашель;
• Sore throat;
• Рвота и боль в животе.

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ORZ (acute respiratory disease) is a collective concept, characterizing all possible diseases of the respiratory tract - viral, viral-microbial and purely microbial, and also caused by intracellular parasites.

The main manifestations of acute respiratory infections are lesions of all parts of the respiratory tract - from the nasopharynx to the bronchi and lungs.

Based on the type of pathogen, there are three large groups of acute respiratory diseases: viral, microbial, caused by protozoa, mixed infections (viral-microbial, microbial-microbial, viral protozoa). Read completely »

Туберкулез у ВИЧ-инфицированных больных протекает злокачественно, имеет склонность к генерализации и прогрессированию вследствие выраженного иммунодефицита.

Выявление больного с распространенным и прогрессирующим туберкулезом служит сигналом к необходимости целенаправленного обследования его на ВИЧ-инфекцию. В то же время больных СПИДом следует рассматривать как потенциальных больных туберкулезом.

Эпидемия ВИЧ-инфекции внесла и постоянно вносит радикальные изменения в эпидемиологию туберкулеза. Основное влияние ВИЧ-инфекции выражается в скорости прогрессирования клинически выраженного туберкулеза у лиц, ранее инфицированных МВТ.

Туберкулез и ВИЧ-инфекция могут сочетаться в трех вариантах:

1. первичное заражение туберкулезом ВИЧ-инфицированных больных;
2. одновременное заражение ВИЧ-инфекцией и туберкулезом;
3. развитие туберкулезного процесса на фоне развития иммунодефицита при ВИЧ-инфекции (СПИДе).

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